Google is experimenting with artificial intelligence to estimate users’ ages, aiming to create a safer and more age-appropriate online experience, particularly for younger users. This initiative was announced by YouTube CEO Neal Mohan in a letter on February 11, 2025. Part of Google’s broader effort to protect children, this AI-powered system is being tested in the U.S. and could eventually expand globally.

Online safety, especially for kids and teens, has been a growing concern in recent years. Issues such as inappropriate content, online predators, and privacy risks continue to raise alarms among parents, lawmakers, and tech companies. In response, governments have proposed stricter regulations, such as the Kids Online Safety Act (KOSA) and COPPA 2.0, emphasizing the need for better age verification methods on digital platforms. Google’s AI-based approach aims to address these concerns by identifying underage users and adjusting their settings accordingly.

Unlike traditional methods that rely on user-provided birthdates—which can be easily falsified—Google’s system estimates age based on behavior. This includes analyzing browsing habits, YouTube watch history, and the duration of a user’s Google account ownership. If the AI determines that a user is likely under 18, their settings will be changed automatically to restrict content, and they will be notified about the adjustment. In cases where a user disputes their estimated age, Google will offer verification options such as selfie identification, credit card verification, or submission of a government-issued ID.

Beyond age estimation, Google is strengthening its overall safety measures for minors. Accounts flagged as belonging to minors will have SafeSearch filters enabled to limit explicit content and restrictions on YouTube to block age-inappropriate videos. This aligns with industry-wide efforts, as companies like Meta have also been working on AI-powered age verification tools to protect young users on social media platforms.

In addition to AI-based age verification, Google is rolling out more parental controls. Over the coming weeks, parents will gain additional tools to oversee their children’s digital experiences. New features include restricting calls and messages during school hours, letting parents approve contacts through Google Family Link, managing their child’s Google Wallet purchases, and introducing AI-powered educational resources such as NotebookLM, an AI-driven note-taking tool, and Learn About, an educational AI resource. These initiatives reflect Google’s commitment to balancing online safety with learning opportunities.

Transparency is another key focus for Google as it refines this system. According to Google spokesperson Matt Bryant, the company is exploring ways to provide users with greater clarity on how their age is estimated. However, as with any AI-driven initiative, challenges remain. There is the risk of misidentifying adults as minors, as well as the possibility of tech-savvy children finding ways to bypass the system. Addressing these issues will be crucial as Google moves forward with the AI-powered age verification model.

Google’s effort to integrate AI into age estimation represents a significant shift in how online platforms enforce age restrictions. With increasing demands from both regulators and parents, companies are under pressure to ensure safer online experiences while maintaining user privacy. The effectiveness of this AI-driven system remains to be seen, but it signals an industry-wide push toward improving digital protections for younger users.

As these changes take effect, the debate over privacy and AI’s role in digital security will likely continue. The success of Google’s age estimation system will depend on its accuracy, user acceptance, and the company’s ability to address any potential flaws. This ongoing evolution in online safety reflects a growing recognition of the need for responsible technology that protects younger audiences without compromising user freedom.